Forests are essential for agriculture and preventing climate change. The trees absorb carbon dioxide which contributes to global warming. Yet, about 10 million hectares of forest are cut down each year. So, how can we save our forests? One idea is to turn deserts into forests, a technique known as desert greening.
What Is Desert Greening?
It is the process of turning deserts into lush woodlands. The aim is to make part of the land fertile and use it for farming and forestry. This also helps prevent soil erosion and promote biodiversity. Desert greening can fight climate change and protect regions from drought and famine. Some countries are starting to take steps, such as the Sahara Forest Project. They plan to pipe water from the Red Sea to produce electricity and biofuels.
How Does This Process Work?
To turn these dry regions into forests will take innovative solutions. One method is rotational grazing, where livestock is moved around the pastures. This technique improves land productivity and animal management.
There are also different landscaping methods used such as permaculture. It harvests rainwater to grow various plant species. In addition trees, and salt-based vegetation are also seeded.
One of the tricky things is providing water to these plants. Farmers use a variety of methods, such as irrigation, groundwater, and sand-absorbed water. On the other hand, some technologies help reduce water consumption, like water-retaining materials. Some countries are even converting wastewater for farming use.
Another way to increase water intake is by using solar power, which is more eco-friendly. Solar farms can create an increase in rainfall, helping plants flourish. Solar panels reduce the reflection of sunlight, leading to rising air and more precipitation.
Besides obtaining enough water, having fertile soil is essential. One method is adding pyrogenic carbon, made by the incomplete combustion of matter. It includes things like charcoal, black carbon and soot. These materials can help regenerate infertile soils. In addition, stabilize the pH level and amount of clay in the soil. You also want to supply all vegetation with key nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
The Benefits of Desert Greening
Deforestation is one of the contributors to climate change. Without trees, absorbing carbon dioxide it pollutes the air and increases temperatures. In fact, the earth’s temperature has risen .14℉ per decade since 1880.
Plants can also control climate conditions in their area. For example, trees can increase precipitation, preventing drought. Keep in mind many deserts can reach over 100℉ during the day.
Along with environmental benefits, there are agricultural ones. Green deserting provides a way to increase crop yields and prevent food scarcity. Plus, it repurposes uninhabitable areas.
As agriculture grows so does the economy. When soil becomes unfertile it can lead to widespread poverty. Plus, some farmers use solar and wind energy, which reduces our reliance on fossil fuels. Fossil fuels aren’t renewable sources but are essential in everyday activities, such as cooking. A limited supply of resources could lead to a price increase as well.
Things to Consider Before Starting the Project
Keep in mind is creating a forest endangers species that rely on arid conditions. This then creates a domino effect, which can disturb whole ecosystems. The afforestation efforts of Israel’s Yatir Forest are one example. The project extends the forest borders, which encroach on native species, such as reptiles.
Another thing to consider is that turning the desert into usable land involves a large water supply. Therefore, there is a potential for water scarcity in more populated areas. So, need to find a balance between water use for agriculture and industrial growth.
How Deserts Can Help the Environment
The issue of climate change is becoming an increasingly popular topic. Turning deserts into forests may be one way to combat these effects. It can also help improve the agriculture industry and our economy. The process involves innovative techniques, such as using solar power.
However, changing the conditions of deserts harms the native species. While the impacts of green deserts are still being explored, they can help slow down climate change.
Bio:
Jane is the Editor-in-Chief of Environment.co and an environmental writer covering green technology, sustainability and environmental news.
