E-Fuels: A technoeconomic assessment of European domestic production and imports towards 2050

Concawe and Aramco have jointly commissioned this study, aiming to conduct a techno-environmental (Part 1) and economic (Part 2) analysis of different e-fuels pathways produced in different regions of the world (North, Centre and South of Europe, as well as Middle East and North Africa) in 2020, 2030 and 2050, with assessments of sensitivities to multiple key techno-economic parameters.

The e-fuels pathways included in the scope of this study are: e-hydrogen (liquefied and compressed), e-methane (liquefied and compressed), e-methanol, epolyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (abbreviated as OME3-5), e-methanol to gasoline, e-methanol to kerosene, e-ammonia, and e-Fischer-Tropsch kerosene/diesel (low temperature reaction). The e-hydrogen is considered a final fuel but also feedstock for producing other e-fuels.

The study also includes: - An assessment of stand-alone units versus e-plants integrated with oil refineries - A comparison of e-fuels production costs versus fossil fuels / biofuels / e-fuels produced from nuclear electricity, - An analysis of the context of e-fuels in the future in Europe (potential demand, CAPEX, renewable electricity potential, land requirement, feedstocks requirements) - A deep dive into the safety and environmental consideration.

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